英语翻译：新冠病毒疫情防控相关词汇

一、疫病名称

冠状病毒

coronavirus

2019新型冠状病毒

2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)

肺炎

pneumonia

病毒性肺炎

viral pneumonia

不明原因肺炎

pneumonia of unknown etiology/cause

严重急性呼吸综合征（非典）

severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)

严重急性呼吸道感染

severe acute respiratory infection (SARI)

急性呼吸窘迫综合征

acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)

中东呼吸综合征

Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS)

呼吸道疾病（呼吸系统疾病）

respiratory diseases

二、传染防控

国际关注的突发公共卫生事件

Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC)

乙类传染病

Category B infectious diseases

人传人

person-to-person/human-to-human transmission

行走的传染源

mobile source of infection

潜伏期

incubation/latent period

无症状的潜伏期

silent/asymptomatic incubation period

特定传染病

specific infectious disease

病毒携带者 virus carrier

无症状携带者

asymptomatic carrier

超级传播者

super spreader

飞沫传播

droplet transmission

接触传播

contact transmission

病毒的蔓延

spread of a virus

隐性感染

covert/silent/inapparent/subclinical infection

外源性感染

exogenous infection

密切接触者

close contact

接触者追踪

contact tracing

传染途径

route of transmission

传播方式

mode of transmission

宿主

host

易感人群

susceptible/vulnerable population

医院/院内感染

nosocomial infection; hospital-acquired infection

职业暴露

occupational exposure

确诊病例

confirmed case

疑似病例

suspected case

散在病例

sporadic case

输入性病例

imported case

二代病例

second-generation case

传染性

transmissibility; infectivity

致病性

pathogenicity

疫情

epidemic; outbreak

疫区

affected area

发病

morbidity

发热病人

patients with fever; febrile patients; fever patients

重症

severe case

发病率

incidence rate

死亡率

mortality rate

病死率（致死率）

fatality/mortality/death rate

治愈率

recovery rate

疫情防控

epidemic prevention and control

监测体温

to monitor body temperature

体温检测

to check body temperature

早发现、早隔离

early detection and early isolation

隔离治疗

to receive treatment in isolation

自我隔离

to quarantine yourself in your home; self-monitored quarantine

临床数据

clinical data

核酸检测

nucleic acid testing (NAT)

血清诊断

serodiagnosis

自觉接受医学观察

to present yourself to medical observation

解除医学观察

to be discharged from medical observation

诊断、治疗、追踪和筛查

diagnosis, treatment, tracing and screening

预防措施

preventive measure

疫苗

vaccine

戴口罩

to wear a mask

勤洗手/仔细洗手

to wash your hands often/carefully

消毒

disinfection

避免去人多的地方

avoid crowds

健康筛查

health screening

旅行限制

travel restrictions

健康申报表

health declaration form

海鲜市场

seafood market

活体农贸市场

live animal market

湿货市场

wet market

野味

bushmeat; game

果子狸

masked palm civet

蝙蝠

bat

竹鼠

bamboo rat

獾

badger

三、政策举措

突发公共卫生事件

public health emergency

启动重大突发公共卫生事件一级响应

to activate first-level public health emergency response

掌握情况，不漏一人

to have full knowledge of the situation (of the community) and leave no one unchecked

遏制疫情蔓延

to contain the outbreak

封城

A city is on lockdown./A city goes into lockdown.

延迟开学

to postpone the reopening of schools

延长春节假期

to extend the Chinese New Year holiday

（公共场所）消毒、通风以及体温检测

disinfection, ventilation and body temperature monitoring (in public areas)

应急医院

makeshift hospital

火神山医院

Huoshenshan Hospital (in Wuhan)

雷神山医院

Leishenshan Hospital (in Wuhan)

暂停海外团队旅行

to suspend overseas group tours

关闭景点

to close scenic spots

取消大型集会

to cancel mass gatherings

减少外出

to make fewer trips outside

控制人口流动

to curb population flow

两周观察期

two-week observation period

停运长途汽车

to halt long-distance buses

调减市内公交

to reduce the frequency of bus services in the city

特殊报销政策

special reimbursement rules

紧平衡

in tight balance

医疗物资紧缺

shortage of medical supplies

日常基本生活物资

daily necessities

跨境采购

cross-border procurement

囤积食物

to stock up on food

捂货惜售

hoarding

瞒报

to underreport

哄抬价格

price gouging

顶格处罚

the maximum penalty

四、机构、职业群体和场所名称

世卫组织

World Health Organization (WHO)

中央应对新型冠状病毒感染肺炎疫情工作领导小组（中央应对疫情工作领导小组）

Leading Group of the CPC Central Committee for Novel Coronavirus Prevention and Control

国家卫生健康委员会（国家卫健委）

National Health Commission (NHS)

中国疾病预防控制中心（中国疾控中心）

Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC)

国家医疗保障局（国家医保局）

National Healthcare Security Administration (NHSA)

医疗机构

medical institution

卫生机构

health institution

医疗从业者

medical practitioner; healthcare professional

医疗人员

medical personnel; health workforce; health workers

一线医护人员

frontline health workers

钟南山

Zhong Nanshan, a prominent Chinese expert in respiratory diseases (and a hero of the 2003 fight against SARS)

定点医院

designated hospitals

发热门诊

fever clinic

重症监护病房

intensive care unit (ICU)

检疫所

quarantine office

药店

pharmacy; drugstore

五、病理症状

病理

pathology

病原体

pathogen

病毒变异

virus variation

病毒突变

virus mutation

临床表现

clinical picture

上呼吸道感染

upper respiratory tract infection (URTI)

低氧血症

hypoxemia; low blood oxygen

纤维化

fibrosis

肺脓肿

lung abscess

双肺浸润性病灶

infiltration in both lungs

发热

fever

乏力

fatigue

干咳

dry cough

头疼

headache

胸闷

chest distress; chest oppression

心慌

palpitations

恶心想吐

nausea

腹泻

diarrhea

呼吸困难

dyspnea; respiratory distress; breathing difficulties

呼吸急促（气促）

shortness of breath; panting

感染性休克

septic shock

六、器具名称

红外体温测量仪

infrared thermometer

体温检测热像仪

thermal imaging camera for temperature monitoring

诊断器具

diagnostic tool/kit

消毒液

disinfectant; antiseptic solution

消毒湿巾

disinfectant/antiseptic wipes

含酒精洗手液

alcohol-based hand rub/sanitizer

口罩

facemask; mask

N95口罩

N95 mask/respirator

医用外科口罩

surgical mask

防护服

protective suit

护目镜

goggles

一次性手套

disposable gloves

负压救护车

negative pressure ambulance

七、其他医学名词

国际卫生条例

International Health Regulations (IHR)

流行病学

epidemiology

流行病学调查（流调）

epidemiological investigation

呼吸器官

respiratory organs

呼吸道

respiratory tract

消化系统

digestive system

神经系统

nervous system

肾功能

renal function

流感

influenza; flu

结膜炎

conjunctivitis; pink eye

宿疾、慢性病

chronic ailment; chronic disease

高血压

hypertension; high blood pressure

糖尿病

diabetes; diabetes mellitus

心血管病

cardiovascular disease

基因序列

genetic sequence

基因结构

genetic structure

试剂

reagent

诊断

diagnosis

检测样本

test sample

医学观察

medical watch; medical observation

病毒分离

virus isolation

抗病毒药

antiviral drug

退烧药

febrifuge; antipyretic

来源：中国外文局中国翻译研究院

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